Referee stats

Esteban Ostojich leads every referee we track with 6.75 cards a game across 221 matches, against a tracked average of 4.29. The full Most cards a game leaderboard ranks all 837 officials who clear the games floor.

We currently hold 151 confirmed appointments across 16 competitions in the next 8 days. Every one is listed above with the official's career numbers, and you can filter to a single competition or a single date.

The best available price from the bookmakers we publish, shown with the bookmaker's logo. Cards markets are priced on a minority of the 151 appointments above, and total fouls on far fewer still, which is why the fouls numbers here carry no price.

We treat 30 as the floor and 50 for the leaderboards. Below that, single results swing every average. Any appointment sitting on fewer than 30 matches is labelled on the card.

Home teams typically commit fewer fouls than away teams, so they usually take fewer cards. The size of that gap varies referee by referee, and the two home card bias leaderboards show who leans furthest in each direction.

A UK card total scored by points instead of count. Yellow is 10 points, red is 25. Books offer over and under lines at 25, 35, 45 and 55, so a referee's booking points average is the number those lines are built on.

Because the reason splits separate referees that the totals do not. Two officials can both average 3.8 cards a game while one gives 7% of his yellows for dissent and another gives 32%.

Career, across every tracked match in our database. The single referee page breaks each official down season by season and by competition.

The page refreshes hourly and prices refresh more often than that. Stats are recalculated after every match, so the averages, hit rates and appointments reflect the most recent fixtures.

Treat them as a prior, not a prediction. The referee sets a baseline and the two teams move it, usually by more than the referee does. The average official we track hits over 4.5 cards in 43% of matches, while the calmest, Koichiro Fukushima, averages just 1.24 cards a game. That spread is the edge, not the headline number.

Ibrahim Nour El Din tops the penalties leaderboard, awarding a spot kick in 48% of 54 matches, against a tracked average of 25%. Penalties carry the most variance of any referee number, so read it alongside the games column.